Sauerkraut according to the lunar calendar. Sauerkraut for the winter at home - how much salt

How will the storage of cabbage, successful or not, depends very much on timeliness and proper cleaning.

For long storage suitable for mid-ripening (stored up to 3 months), medium-late (six months) and late (8 months) varieties.

Let's talk about how to prepare them for storage. Basically, the article will focus on the features of cleaning hybrids white cabbage .

Read about how to prepare for storage, and read our other articles.

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Is the vegetable afraid of frost?

When is it better to chop cabbage for the winter: before or after frost? Many varieties of cabbage are frost-resistant which means they are not afraid of frost. But in order for cabbage to retain its ability to be stored for a long time without losing its freshness, the effect low temperatures on her during her stay in the garden should be short.

Harvesting cabbage from under the snow at temperatures below -6 degrees negatively affects on all varieties of cabbage, as well as repeated frosts after thawing. When thawed, the outer cabbage leaves become a habitat for microscopic organisms that cause crop rot.

cut heads it is forbidden leave it outside at sub-zero temperatures, their long-term storage after that will be impossible.

What frosts can cabbage withstand in autumn? The first temperature jumps below zero cabbage, usually cabbage carries without problems.

A light frost even has a positive effect on the taste of this vegetable: sweet taste.

Maximum sub-zero temperature, which cabbage can withstand - minus 6 degrees Celsius, provided that the thermometer does not stay at this mark for a long time.

What frosts can withstand cabbage of late varieties? Late ripe varieties are also called maturing. In order not to deprive them of their "keeping quality" (long shelf life), they should not be exposed to temperatures below 6 degrees Celsius.

And for cut late-ripening heads of cabbage, even -1 will become great tragedy: on tissue sections, the stumps are exposed and freeze very quickly, which subsequently starts the processes of decay.

pickled cabbage is usually made from heads of cabbage that have been at temperatures up to -4 degrees Celsius during their growth.

Is he afraid Chinese cabbage frost? Chinese (Beijing) cabbage is frost-resistant, but after freezing below -4 degrees Celsius, it begins to rot. It is not recommended to expose Beijing cabbage to temperatures below -2 degrees Celsius. It is harvested around October 15, when there are still no permanent frosts. About you can find out from our article.

What kind of cabbage tolerates frost well? Frost-resistant varieties cabbage labeled F1: Katyusha, Russian Winter, Uliana. Also well tolerate frosts "Lika", "Yaroslavna", "Sugar Loaf", "Ukrainian Autumn", "Zimovka", "Amager 611", "Snow White", "Violanta" and "Kharkovskaya Winter".

What to do if cabbage got frost? Heads of cabbage should thaw without being cut. This usually requires 45 days, after which the cabbage can be cut and sent for the winter.

Is it possible to clean cabbage after freezing? Immediately after freezing, it is impossible to clean the cabbage for storage. If you do not wait a few days until the cabbage thaws on the vine, it starts to rot in the first month after harvesting: black leaves will appear.

Basic collection rules

When to cut cabbage for the winter at what temperature? How to cut cabbage for storage?

1. Harvesting takes place in sunny, warm day by autumn standards.
2. Cabbage with a shovel carefully dig, without cutting off the head, clean its roots and stalk from the ground.
3. All substandard heads(poorly formed, small, with a rotted stump) are sorted and removed. Damaged leaves should also be removed. "Substandard" economical housewives, as a rule, immediately use for cooking, or for fermentation. In sauerkraut, cabbage can be stored for a very long time.
4. On each head should remain pair - triple of integumentary leaves.
5. Before storing cabbage, it must be dry. This requires a canopy that will protect the crop from precipitation and direct sunlight. Being outdoors on a sunny day, cabbage loses a lot of moisture and wilts.
6. Further actions ( cutting or not cutting the roots) depend on the selected .

If the soil on which the cabbage grew was highly saturated nitrogen-containing fertilizers, there is no point in storing the crop: it will deteriorate very quickly.

The fact is that nitrogen loosens the leaves, reducing the percentage of dry matter in them. Such heads of cabbage immediately begin after harvesting. rot. fertilizers with phosphorus and potassium, on the contrary, contribute to the long-term storage of cabbage.

Timing

When to store cabbage? Late varieties of cabbage ripen in October. Terms of harvesting cabbage for the winter for winter storage- in the last days of this month or in the first of the next. In the middle zone of the Russian Federation white cabbage is harvested in the same way as in Ukraine, after October 8th. In non-chernozem regions- at the end of September. IN Siberia(western) - in the last days of September - the first of October. IN forest-steppe zone - in the 20th of October.

How to determine the maturity of cabbage for harvest? A ripe head of cabbage or not can be determined by touch: if it dense, Means, ready for cleaning. In terms of weight, ripe heads of medium and late varieties have a weight of 800 grams. If the cabbage is early, then the norm for it is 300 grams.

In what weather to pick cabbage? Dry weather during the harvest of cabbage helps to avoid such a problem as drying the crop. After cutting, do not lay out the cabbage in the sun: it fades and rots over time.

If autumn does not please you with days without precipitation, before laying heads of cabbage for storage, you need to dry for at least 5 hours, previously cleared of lumps of earth.

At what temperature should cabbage be stored? Optimum temperature for harvesting cabbage - from 4 to 8 degrees Celsius.

Required inventory

What garden tools to use? For digging cabbage roots you will need fork or shovel. For cutting heads - a well-ground heavy garden knife or ax(if the stumps are thick).

How to cut (cut)? Not all gardeners cut cabbage stumps and roots. Some prefer along with the roots or hang it by the stumps from the ceiling. By the way, this way it actually keeps well.

And if you still cut it off, then each head should have a 3-4 cm stalk. Cabbage heads are cut off with a knife. Upper cover leaves (2 - 3 pieces) should not be removed: they protect the head from damage.

Peculiarities

When to cut cabbage for storage lunar calendar? In 2015, according to the lunar calendar, the most auspicious days for harvesting cabbage for the winter 3, 8 and 9 October. It is better to collect cabbage on days when The moon is waning and is in fire signs. For fermentation you can choose any day, with the exception of the full moon, new moon and the moon in the sign of Virgo.

When to clean late storage cabbage? With harvesting cabbage late for storage should not be in a hurry: cabbage and autumn, despite the cold, continues to grow. Therefore, even in September for her need care: watering, fertilizing loose heads of cabbage with mullein and hilling.

Irrigation must be stopped 14 days before cleaning. Volumetric heads of cabbage, receiving nutrition from the soil, can crack, so their roots are undermined.

When to harvest cabbage for storage for the winter of the average ripening period? In Ukraine, mid-ripening cabbage is harvested in the last month of summer. In Russia, usually in September, when the weight of a head of cabbage becomes 2 kilograms (minimum).

During the harvesting of medium cabbage, not all the outer leaves on the heads of cabbage are cut off, a couple of leaves are left to protect them from dirt. Mature heads have light dot on top as in the photo:

So that for six months, it is harvested with the upper leaves tightly adjacent to the heads of cabbage.

Savoy cabbage has greater resistance to low temperatures, compared to the white one. Read more in our article.

Early ripe varieties are cut when heads of cabbage reach a weight of 600 grams. Late-ripening - 2 kilograms.

Cabbage Kolobok- a hybrid of white cabbage. Late ripe. Ripens 150 days after sprouts appear. Heads of cabbage are round, small (weigh about 2 kg) and dense, the stalk inside them is not long. Cracking is not typical for this variety.

Cabbage Megaton- very productive mid-late hybrid of white cabbage. Crack resistant. Heads of cabbage are heavy (8 - 15 kilograms). Harvest as they mature.

Beijing cabbage - during the harvesting of Beijing cabbage, only hard, young heads that do not lag behind in development are selected for storage. They are cleaned of substandard and outer leaves that do not fit snugly to the heads.

So that the heads of cabbage do not dry out much, a few leaves should remain on them. protective leaves. When cutting Beijing cabbage, care must be taken not to damage the central veins of its leaves.

To tarry with the transportation of this cabbage after cutting into refrigerator compartment not worth it.

Glory- a variety of medium ripeness. Prone to cracking. As a rule, "Glory" is removed in 2 steps: approximately September 15 and September 30. Cabbage ready for cleaning, if a spot of a lighter shade than the entire head of cabbage appeared on the top of the head of cabbage.

Results

What to do with cabbage leaves after harvesting cabbage? When the crop is harvested all leaves and stumps from the garden you need to collect, and the earth dig up, piercing it the entire length of the shovel bayonet. Collected leaves and stalks are usually sent to a compost heap or fed to livestock.

If you harvest cabbage earlier due date, it will fade. If Later- many heads of cabbage will burst or give an arrow.

That is why it is important to know the timing of harvesting this capricious vegetable in terms of storage.

And its capriciousness is due to nature itself: unlike potatoes and other root crops, cabbage is leaves.

The harvest directly depends on when to plant cabbage for seedlings in 2017. So, for each climatic zone, the dates will be slightly different, but you should remember the main criteria for choosing the time for planting seedlings.

Favorable days of the lunar calendar

Of course, regardless of the region where they live, summer residents should first of all look at the Lunar calendar. Even those who do not trust such a calendar much know that on the full moon and new moon, no planting work should be carried out. Of course, here you can act at your own peril and risk. But, it is not a fact that the seedlings will grow well, and then successfully take root in the open field or in a greenhouse.

In principle, you can start planting cabbage seedlings as early as March. For example, March 15 and 26, according to March 30, are ideal for planting early ripe varieties. April is a good time to plant mid-season and late varieties. For example, in April, you can look at the 2nd, 7-10th, as well as the 19th and 22nd dates. Cabbage planted during these periods will give a good harvest.

You can also plant cabbage seedlings at the very beginning of May. You can choose the appropriate dates by looking at the Lunar calendar of the gardener for the whole year, which we discussed in detail by day in a separate article.

About the rules for planting seedlings

First, the seeds can be planted in a common box, and when 3-4 leaves appear, you will have to pick. The dive is carried out so that from now on each bush of cabbage has its own vessel. For planting cabbage, it is best to use peat-based soil, which also contains humus, sod ash and some sand. Everything needs to be mixed in different parts, and then poured with a solution of potassium permanganate for additional destruction of viruses and bacteria.

Observation after a dive

Planting seedlings in separate cups is a responsible process. A few days after transplanting, it is important to carefully monitor the seedlings, because during this period they are extremely vulnerable. In particular, such a disease as a "black leg" may appear. At its first signs, it is necessary to remove the damaged sprouts, and pour the water with a saturated solution of potassium permanganate.

All this information is also relevant for when to plant cabbage for seedlings in 2017 in the Urals. It is important to look at the dates of the lunar calendar correctly, and then calculate your own plans for planting seedlings in open ground. The rest of the contribution to the success of the process is made by timely care.

Do you know how to sauerkraut deliciously? For the season sauerkraut need to prepare in advance. Therefore, I will show you a recipe for a very tasty homemade sauerkraut. I got it from my grandmother, so there is no doubt about its correctness.

Homemade sauerkraut turns out very tasty, you just lick your fingers! The recipe has been tested for so many years!

Today you can find many different options for its preparation. My method can be considered classic - it turns out tasty and crispy. A serving of sunflower oil and chopped onion will turn it into a divine dish.

Sauerkraut for the winter at home - how much salt

The main question that interests all housewives. This is really important. If the salt is shifted, the dish will turn out not tasty. If you do not report it, then everything will turn sour. The classic norm is 1 tablespoon without a slide per 1 kilogram.

What you need for sauerkraut

1. winter cabbage varieties . Summer varieties for pickling are not suitable. I choose flattened "copies" that look like cabbage rolls. They are exactly what you need for pickling, they will not let you down.
2. Salt. Ordinary stone, but not sea or iodized. There are no unpleasant surprises in this case.
3. Carrot. Grated on a Korean grater, it will give the finished dish an appetizing look and a pleasant taste.
4. Peppercorns black and allspice . Be sure to add it for taste and piquancy.
5. Hot peppers in pods. Ingredient optional, for those who like it "spicier".
6. Bay leaf. A small amount of it will bring its own note of taste.
7. Dill seeds. Optionally for an amateur. Some without it do not represent the taste.

When is the best time to salt cabbage in October 2017

The best time for salting is the growing moon. This rule should not be neglected, so as not to look for the cause of failure later. Therefore, we arm ourselves with the lunar calendar and select dates. In October, these days are October 1-3 and October 23-31.

Number of products

• Chopped cabbage mass - 1 kg
• Carrots - 2 pcs.
• Rock salt - 1 tbsp. topless
• A few peas of black and allspice
• Bay leaf - 1-2 pcs.
• Dill seeds and hot pepper pod (optional)

Grandma's way of pickling crispy cabbage

Tip: At this stage, you can add cranberries, thinly sliced ​​apples, or bell peppers if you like.

• Add pepper, bay leaf and dill seeds.
• Transfer to a glass or enamel bowl. It could be a glass jar enamel pan. Aluminum cookware is not suitable for these purposes.
• Now the main thing is to pack the vegetable mixture very tightly into the dishes. Help yourself with a fist or pusher, as you please. Lay the mixture as tightly as possible, when pressed, juice should appear.

Tip: hands and work utensils must be clean, otherwise bacteria and microorganisms may enter.

• Cover with a saucer or plate on top, cover with gauze so that debris or midges do not fly. Put something heavy on top as weight. It can be a jar of water, cereals or a special clean stone for such purposes (oppression).
• We leave it warm for two to three days. The dishes must be put in a bowl, because the fermentation process will begin and the juice may overflow. If foam appears, then you did everything right. It must be removed with a clean spoon, and the contents of the dishes pierced with a thin stick twice a day. Don't let the bad smell of fermentation scare you, that's how it should be.